Low frequency pulsed electromagnetic field promotes differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells through upregulation of miR-219-5p in vitro

Life Sci. 2019 Apr 15:223:185-193. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.03.031. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

Abstract

Aim: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. The differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) into mature oligodendrocytes (OLs), which induce myelination, plays a critical role in the functional recovery following SCI. In this study, the effect of low frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) on the differentiation of OPCs and the potential underlying mechanisms were investigated.

Main methods: OPCs were randomly divided into the PEMF and non-PEMF (NPEMF) groups. Immunofluorescence and western blot assays were performed to assess the expression levels of OLs stage-specific markers after 3, 7, 14, and 21 days of PEMF or NPEMF exposure. qRT-PCR was used to further assess the expression levels of miR-219-5p, miR-338, miR-138, and miR-9, which are associated with OPCs differentiation, and the expression levels of genes associated with miR-219-5p. Finally, following PEMF or NPEMF exposure, qRT-PCR and western blot assays were performed to explore the relationship between miR-219-5p and Lingo1 and between miR-219-5p and PEMF in promoting OPCs differentiation.

Key findings: PEMF promoted the differentiation of OPCs. PEMF upregulated the expression level of miR-219-5p and downregulated the expression level of Lingo1 during the differentiation of OPCs. Under PEMF exposure, miR-219-5p targeted Lingo1 and reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-219-5p inhibitor on OPCs differentiation. In addition, PEMF synergized with miR-219-5p to promote OPCs differentiation.

Significance: Our results, for the first time, indicated that PEMF promoted OPCs differentiation by regulating miR-219-5p activity in vitro.

Keywords: Lingo1; Low frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF); Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs); miRNA-219-5p.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Differentiation*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Electromagnetic Fields*
  • MicroRNAs / genetics*
  • Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells / cytology*
  • Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells / metabolism
  • Primary Cell Culture
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Remyelination
  • Up-Regulation

Substances

  • MIRN219 microRNA, rat
  • MicroRNAs