.Fluoroquinolones are a kind of synthetic drugs commonly used in clinical treatment. They have good broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties. They are not only convenient to administer, but also have remarkable therapeutic effects. In this paper, we selected 70 patients with adverse reactions of central nervous system during the use of fluoroquinolones as the research object. We reviewed and analyzed the basic data, main manifestations and outcomes of adverse reactions, and summarized the influencing factors. The results showed that dizziness, irritability and insomnia were the main symptoms in 42 patients with mild adverse reactions. In 28 patients with moderate to severe adverse reactions, neuropsychiatric symptoms such as restlessness, depression, nervous excitation, phonism and hallucination were found. 54 patients were able to recover after stopping the medication. The remaining 16 patients were treated with drugs, and the effective rate was 87.5%. By analyzing the related factors, it can be seen that elderly patients over 60 years old, intravenous administration, combination of drugs and past history of neurological diseases are the main factors leading to adverse reactions of the central nervous system. In this survey, there were 7 kinds of adverse drug reactions, of which 31 cases (44.28%) were caused by levofloxacin. Therefore, fluoroquinolones have adverse effects on the central nervous system in the course of treatment, and the occurrence of adverse reactions is related to patients' age, route of administration, drug combination and past history of illness. It is important to grasp the above factors and make rational use of drugs.