The relation between PI3K/AKT signalling pathway and cancer

Gene. 2019 May 25:698:120-128. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.02.076. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Abstract

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are crucial coordinators of intracellular signalling in response to the extracellular stimulators. Hyperactivation of PI3K signalling cascades is one among the most ordinary events in human cancers. Focusing on the PI3K pathway remains both a chance and a challenge for cancer therapy. The high recurrence of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway adjustments in cancer has led to a surge in the progression of PI3K inhibitors. Recent developments incorporate a re-assessment of the oncogenic mechanisms behind PI3K pathway modifications. Receptor tyrosine kinases upstream of PI3K, the p110a catalytic fractional unit of PI3K, the downstream kinase, AKT, and therefore the negative regulator, PTEN, are all often altered in cancer. In this review, we consider about the phosphoinositide 3-kinases family and mechanisms of PI3K-Akt stimulation in cancer.

Keywords: Cancer; PI3Ks; PTEN; Signalling pathway.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / metabolism
  • Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • PTEN Phosphohydrolase / metabolism
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / physiology*
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / physiology*
  • Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / physiology
  • Signal Transduction / physiology
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / physiology

Substances

  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
  • PIK3CA protein, human
  • Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • PTEN Phosphohydrolase
  • PTEN protein, human