Effects of Siwu decoction on chondrocyte proliferation of growth plate in adolescent rats

J Ethnopharmacol. 2019 May 23:236:108-113. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.01.048. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Abstract

Ethnopharmacological relevance: According to traditional Korean medicine theory in which children's growth retardation is attributed to blood deficiency, Siwu decoction (SWD), a representative treatment for blood deficiency, was chosen as a sample.

Aim of the study: To evaluate the effects of SWD on chondrocyte proliferation of growth plate in adolescent female rats.

Materials and methods: Female adolescent rats were allocated to one of the following four groups; SWD 100 and 300 mg/kg, recombinant human growth hormone, and vehicle for 4 days. Tetracycline was intraperitoneally injected at 48 h before sacrifice to obtain a band exhibiting fluorescence by binding newly formed bone. Bromodeoxyuridine was injected at day 2-4 to mark proliferating chondrocytes. To evaluate possible mechanisms of SWD, expressions of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in the growth plate were examined by immunohistochemistry.

Results: Treatment with SWD significantly increased the number of BrdU-positive chondrocytes and the new bone formation in the proximal growth plate of tibia compared to the vehicle treated control group. SWD also increased the expression of IGF-1 and BMP-2 in the proliferative and hypertrophic zones of the growth plate.

Conclusions: SWD 300 mg/kg stimulates chondrocyte proliferation and new bone formation in the growth plate. Immunohistochemical studies indicate that the effects of SWD may be due to upregulation of local IGF-1 and BMP-2 expression in the growth plate, which may be considered as a GH-dependent paracrine-autocrine pathway.

Keywords: BMP-2; Chondrocyte; Growth plate; IGF-1; Siwu decoction.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bone Development / drug effects*
  • Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / biosynthesis
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects*
  • Chondrocytes / drug effects*
  • Chondrocytes / metabolism
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Female
  • Growth Plate / drug effects*
  • Growth Plate / metabolism
  • Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / biosynthesis
  • Medicine, Korean Traditional
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Tibia / drug effects
  • Tibia / metabolism

Substances

  • Bmp2 protein, rat
  • Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2
  • Plant Extracts
  • insulin-like growth factor-1, rat
  • Insulin-Like Growth Factor I