Dilated cardiomyopathy in a pediatric population: etiology and outcome predictors - a single-center experience

Future Cardiol. 2019 Mar;15(2):95-107. doi: 10.2217/fca-2018-0030. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

Abstract

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess predictors of outcome in patients hospitalized for dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and severe left ventricular dysfunction. Patients & methods: 83 pediatric patients hospitalized for heart failure due to DCM with coexistent left ventricular dysfunction were enrolled.

Results: Overall, 5-year survival free from heart transplantation was 69.8%. Normalization of left ventricular function was achieved in 39.8% of patients during follow-up: younger age, less necessity of inotropic support and other than idiopathic DCM predicted left ventricular function, while familial history for cardiac disease or sudden death and inotropic support during hospitalization were associated with poorer outcome.

Conclusion: Almost 40% of patients with DCM experienced a complete normalization of cardiac function. Outcome was extremely variable according to the type of DCM.

Keywords: anthracycline-related cardiomyopathy; dilated cardiomyopathy; heart failure; heart transplantation; idiopathic cardiomyopathy; left ventricular dysfunction; left ventricular function normalization; left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy; myocarditis; pediatric cardiomyopathy.

MeSH terms

  • Biostatistics
  • Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / epidemiology*
  • Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / etiology
  • Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / physiopathology
  • Child, Preschool
  • Electrocardiography
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Heart Defects, Congenital / complications*
  • Heart Defects, Congenital / diagnosis
  • Humans
  • Italy / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Muscular Dystrophies / complications*
  • Muscular Dystrophies / diagnosis
  • Prevalence
  • Prognosis
  • Prospective Studies
  • Registries*
  • Risk Assessment / methods*
  • Risk Factors
  • Stroke Volume / physiology*
  • Survival Rate / trends
  • Ventricular Function, Left / physiology*
  • Ventricular Remodeling