Preparation of different polymorphs of cellulose from different acid hydrolysis medium

Md Musavvir Mahmud; Asma Perveen; Rumana A Jahan; Md Abdul Matin; Siew Yee Wong; Xu Li; M Tarik Arafat

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.027

Preparation of different polymorphs of cellulose from different acid hydrolysis medium

Int J Biol Macromol. 2019 Jun 1:130:969-976. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.027. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

Authors

Md Musavvir Mahmud¹, Asma Perveen², Rumana A Jahan³, Md Abdul Matin⁴, Siew Yee Wong⁵, Xu Li⁵, M Tarik Arafat⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh.
² Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
³ Center for Advanced Research in Science (CARS), University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.
⁴ Department of Glass and Ceramics Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.
⁵ Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 138634, Singapore.
⁶ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh. Electronic address: tarikarafat@bme.buet.ac.bd.

PMID: 30844460
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.027

Abstract

In this study, medical cotton was subjected to acid hydrolysis in sulfuric, hydrochloric and phosphoric acid medium to prepare cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) with different morphologies and polymorphism. Morphology of the prepared CNC samples revealed fiber shaped morphology for sulfuric and hydrochloric acid hydrolyzed samples, whereas, spherical shaped for phosphoric acid hydrolyzed samples. The size of the spherical shaped CNC decreased with the increase of hydrolysis time, from 853 nm for 12 h to 187 nm for 48 h. X-ray Diffraction analysis showed that hydrochloric acid hydrolyzed CNC is cellulose I (CI), phosphoric acid hydrolyzed CNC is cellulose II (CII) and sulfuric acid hydrolyzed CNC contain both CI and CII. The crystallinity of sulfuric and hydrochloric acid hydrolysis samples was 91%, whereas, the crystallinity of phosphoric acid hydrolysis samples was between 43 and 60% depending on hydrolysis time. Thermal properties were also affected by the hydrolysis medium. Thus cellulose nanocrystals were prepared with different morphologies and physical characteristics through a facile method.

Keywords: Cellulose I; Cellulose II; Cellulose polymorph; Natural polymer; Spherical cellulose.

MeSH terms

Acids / chemistry*
Cellulose / chemistry*
Cellulose / ultrastructure
Hydrolysis
Polymers / chemistry
Spectrum Analysis
Thermogravimetry

Substances

Acids
Polymers
Cellulose