Abstract
Bax induces mitochondria-dependent programed cell death. While cytotoxic drugs activating Bax have been developed for cancer treatment, clinically effective therapeutics suppressing Bax-induced cell death rescuing essential cells have not been developed. This mini-review will summarize previously reported Bax inhibitors including peptides, small compounds, and antibodies. We will discuss potential applications and the future direction of these Bax inhibitors.
Keywords:
Apoptosis; Bax; Bax inhibitor; Ku70; cell death; cell-penetrating peptide; drug delivery.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
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Review
MeSH terms
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Amino Acid Sequence
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Animals
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Apoptosis / drug effects*
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Apoptosis / physiology
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Brain Ischemia / drug therapy
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Brain Ischemia / pathology
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Cell-Penetrating Peptides / pharmacokinetics
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Cell-Penetrating Peptides / pharmacology*
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Cell-Penetrating Peptides / therapeutic use
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Cell-Penetrating Peptides / toxicity
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Cells, Cultured
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Disease Models, Animal
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Drug Carriers
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Drug Design
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Humans
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Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / pharmacology
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Ku Autoantigen / metabolism
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Mice
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Mice, Knockout
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Mitochondria / physiology
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Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins / drug effects
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Mitochondrial Membranes / drug effects
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Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore
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Neurodegenerative Diseases / drug therapy
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Neurodegenerative Diseases / pathology
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Organ Preservation / methods
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Pinocytosis
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Protein Multimerization / drug effects
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Pulmonary Fibrosis / drug therapy
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Pulmonary Fibrosis / pathology
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Rats
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Retinal Degeneration / drug therapy
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Retinal Degeneration / pathology
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bcl-2-Associated X Protein / antagonists & inhibitors*
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bcl-2-Associated X Protein / deficiency
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bcl-2-Associated X Protein / immunology
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bcl-2-Associated X Protein / metabolism
Substances
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BAX protein, human
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Bax protein, mouse
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Cell-Penetrating Peptides
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Drug Carriers
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Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments
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Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins
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Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore
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bcl-2-Associated X Protein
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Ku Autoantigen