Fibre-type-specific and Mitochondrial Biomarkers of Muscle Damage after Mountain Races

Int J Sports Med. 2019 Apr;40(4):253-262. doi: 10.1055/a-0808-4692. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Abstract

Consequences of running mountain races on muscle damage were investigated by analysing serum muscle enzymes and fibre-type-specific sarcomere proteins. We studied 10 trained amateur and 6 highly trained runners who ran a 35 km and 55 km mountain trail race (MTR), respectively. Levels of creatine kinase (CK), CK-MB isoform (CK-MB), sarcomeric mitochondrial CK (sMtCK), transaminases (AST and ALT), cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and fast (FM) and slow myosin (SM) isoforms, were assessed before, 1 h, 24 h and 48 h after the beginning of MTR. Significant SM increases were found at 24 h in the 55 km group. Levels of CK, CK-MB, AST and cTnI were significantly elevated in both groups following MTR, but in the 55 km group they tended to stabilize in at 48 h. Using pooled data, time-independent serum peaks of SM and CK-MB were significantly correlated. Moreover, concentration of sMtCK was significantly elevated at 1 and 24 h after the race in the 35 km group. Although training volume could confer protection on the mitochondria, the increase in serum CK-MB and SM in the 55 km group might be related to damage to the contractile apparatus type I fibres. Competing in long-distance MTRs might be related to deeper type I muscle fibre damage, even in highly trained individuals.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Alanine Transaminase / metabolism
  • Aspartate Aminotransferases / metabolism
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Competitive Behavior / physiology
  • Creatine Kinase / blood
  • Creatine Kinase, MB Form / blood
  • Creatine Kinase, Mitochondrial Form
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mitochondria, Muscle / enzymology
  • Mitochondria, Muscle / metabolism*
  • Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch / enzymology
  • Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch / metabolism*
  • Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch / enzymology
  • Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch / metabolism*
  • Muscle, Skeletal / injuries*
  • Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism*
  • Myosins / metabolism
  • Physical Conditioning, Human
  • Physical Endurance / physiology*
  • Protein Isoforms / metabolism
  • Running / injuries*
  • Sarcomeres / enzymology
  • Troponin I / metabolism

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Protein Isoforms
  • Troponin I
  • Aspartate Aminotransferases
  • Alanine Transaminase
  • CKMT2 protein, human
  • Creatine Kinase
  • Creatine Kinase, MB Form
  • Creatine Kinase, Mitochondrial Form
  • Myosins