Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of mortality for women, and only a small percentage of women have optimally managed risk factors. One of the strongest risk factors for CVD is an increased lipid level. Many women seek primary care from obstetrician-gynecologists who often identify and provide initial management of dyslipidemia in these women. Thus, it is imperative that obstetrician-gynecologists become familiar with the identification and treatment of women with dyslipidemia to minimize their future risk of CVD. This monograph provides a brief primer on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of dyslipidemia in women, as it pertains to CVD risk.