Optical and Electrochemical Properties of Self-Organized TiO2 Nanotube Arrays From Anodized Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

Henia Fraoucene; Vinsensia Ade Sugiawati; Djedjiga Hatem; Mohammed Said Belkaid; Florence Vacandio; Marielle Eyraud; Marcel Pasquinelli; Thierry Djenizian

doi:10.3389/fchem.2019.00066

Optical and Electrochemical Properties of Self-Organized TiO₂ Nanotube Arrays From Anodized Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

Front Chem. 2019 Feb 8:7:66. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00066. eCollection 2019.

Authors

Henia Fraoucene¹, Vinsensia Ade Sugiawati², Djedjiga Hatem¹, Mohammed Said Belkaid¹, Florence Vacandio², Marielle Eyraud², Marcel Pasquinelli³, Thierry Djenizian⁴

Affiliations

¹ Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Genie Electrics, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Mouloud Mammeri University, Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria.
² Electrochemistry of Materials Research Group, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, MADIREL, UMR 7246, Marseille, France.
³ Optoelectronics and Photovoltaics (OPTO-PV) Team, Institute of Microelectronic Materials Nanosciences of Provence (IM2NP), St Jérôme Center, University of Provence, Marseille, France.
⁴ Mines Saint-Etienne, Department of Flexible Electronics, Center of Microelectronics in Provence, Gardanne, France.

Abstract

Due to their high specific surface area and advanced properties, TiO₂ nanotubes (TiO₂ NTs) have a great significance for production and storage of energy. In this paper, TiO₂ NTs were synthesized from anodization of Ti-6Al-4V alloy at 60 V for 3 h in fluoride ethylene glycol electrolyte by varying the water content and further annealing treatment. The morphological, structural, optical and electrochemical performances of TiO₂ NTs were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Visible spectroscopy and electrochemical characterization techniques. By varying the water content in the solution, a honeycomb and porous structure was obtained at low water content and the presence of (α + β) phase in Ti-6Al-4V alloy caused not uniform etching. With an additional increase in water content, a nanotubular structure is formed in the (α + β) phases with different morphological parameters. The anatase TiO₂ NTs synthesized with 20 wt% H₂O shows an improvement in absorption band that extends into the visible region due the presence of vanadium oxide in the structure and the effective band gap energy (Eg) value of 2.25 eV. The TiO₂ NTs electrode also shows a good cycling performance, delivering a reversible capacity of 82 mAh.g^-1 (34 μAh.cm^-2.μm^-1) at 1C rate over 50 cycles.

Keywords: Li-ion microbatteries; Ti-6Al-4V alloy; TiO2 nanotubes; anodization; negative electrode.