Background and objective: Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a major public health problem in which both liver and kidney dysfunctions are encountered. The present research aimed to investigate the beneficial use of micro-encapsulated probiotic alone (Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Streptococcus thermophilus mixture) or with green tea alcohol extract in HRS model in rats.
Materials and methods: Flavonoids content and in vitro antioxidant activity of the extract were assessed. The animal experiment consisted of 4 groups; control healthy, control with HRS and two test groups with HRS and treated with either the encapsulated probiotic mixture alone or with green tea extract. After 3 weeks; urinary creatinine was determined in 24 h rat urine samples. Colonic microbiota was assessed in faeces. Plasma malondialdehyde, nitrite, C-reactive protein, creatinine, uric acid, urea and the activity of transaminases, catalase (CAT) and angiotensin-1 converting enzyme (ACE-1) were determined with calculation of creatinine clearance.
Results: Results showed significant increase in all biochemical parameters of HRS control except for ACE-1, CAT and creatinine clearance that experienced significant reduction along with dysbiosis compared to healthy control. Test groups showed improvement in all biochemical parameters with superiority to probiotic-green tea extract combination. Both treatments produced significant increase in fecal B. bifidum, S. thermophilus and L. bulgaricus and reduction of Staphylococci and Coliform. The effect of probiotic-green tea extract combination was more pronounced concerning the last three. Flavonoids and antioxidant activity of the extract were 1.325±0.01 mg quercetin/g and 98±1.66%, respectively.
Conclusion: Administration of micro-encapsulated probiotic with or without alcohol green tea extract exerted significant prevention of HRS in rat with superiority to probiotic-green tea extract combination.
Keywords: Bifidobacterium bifidum; Hepatorenal syndrome; Lactobacillus delbrueckii; Streptococcus thermophilus; green tea extract; probiotic-green tea exract; rats.