Histologic severity of liver cirrhosis: A key factor affecting surgical outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with portal hypertension

Asian J Surg. 2019 Dec;42(12):981-989. doi: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2019.01.009. Epub 2019 Feb 16.

Abstract

Background: Portal hypertension (PH), which is closely associated with the severity of liver cirrhosis, has been suggested as a contraindication of liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to explore the role of a potential player, histologic severity of liver cirrhosis, in affecting surgical outcomes of the patients with both HCC and PH.

Methods: A total of 374 HCC patients with PH underwent resection for HCC were retrospectively reviewed. By using the Laennec staging system, the patients were divided into two groups: the mild-moderate cirrhosis (MMC) group and the severe cirrhosis (SC) group. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted at a 1:1 ratio between the two groups, and 89 patients were matched for each group. Short-term and long-term outcomes were compared between two groups before and after PSM.

Results: The overall morbidity and 30-days mortality were significantly higher in the SC group than the MCC group (52.9% vs. 30.1%, P < 0.001 and 6.9% vs. 0.7%, P = 0.002). Severe cirrhosis was identified as an independent predictor of postoperative liver-related complications. Patients with MMC exhibited better 5-year overall survival (39.9% vs. 16.9%, P < 0.001) and disease-free survival (10.5% vs. 4.4%, P < 0.001) than those with SC. Multivariate analysis indicated that severe cirrhosis was significantly associated with lower disease-free survival and overall survival. These results were further confirmed in the PSM cohort.

Conclusions: Histologic severity of liver cirrhosis determines the surgical outcomes of patients with both HCC and PH, and PH is not an absolute contraindication of liver resection.

Keywords: Laennec system; Liver cirrhosis; Prognosis; Resection.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / surgery*
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypertension, Portal / complications*
  • Liver Cirrhosis / complications
  • Liver Neoplasms / mortality
  • Liver Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Propensity Score
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult