Biological properties of modified bioactive glass on dental pulp cells

Ningxin Zhu; Xanthippi Chatzistavrou; Lihong Ge; Man Qin; Petros Papagerakis; Yuanyuan Wang

doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2019.01.017

Biological properties of modified bioactive glass on dental pulp cells

J Dent. 2019 Apr:83:18-26. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2019.01.017. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Authors

Ningxin Zhu¹, Xanthippi Chatzistavrou², Lihong Ge³, Man Qin⁴, Petros Papagerakis⁵, Yuanyuan Wang⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, #22 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China. Electronic address: zhuningxin6221@163.com.
² Michigan State University, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, East Lansing 48824, MI, USA. Electronic address: chatzist@egr.msu.edu.
³ Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, #22 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China. Electronic address: gelh0919@126.com.
⁴ Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, #22 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China. Electronic address: qin-man@foxmail.com.
⁵ College of Dentistry and Biomedical Engineering, Toxicology, Pharmacy/Nutrition, Anatomy and Cell Biology Colleges Graduate Programs, University of Saskatchewan, Canada. Electronic address: petros.papagerakis@usask.ca.
⁶ Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, #22 Zhongguancun Nandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China. Electronic address: cwyyd@126.com.

PMID: 30776406
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2019.01.017

Abstract

Dental caries is a bacteria-caused condition classified among the most common chronic diseases worldwide. Treatment of dental caries implies the use of materials having regenerative and anti-bacterial properties, and controlling inflammation is critical for successful endodontic regeneration.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to fabricate and characterize a novel composite incorporating sol-gel derived silver-doped bioactive glass (BG) in a chitosan (CS) hydrogel at a 1:1 wt ratio(Ag-BG/CS).

Methods: The effect of Ag-BG/CS on dental pulp cells (DPCs) proliferation was analyzed by CCK-8 assay, whereas the adhesion of DPCs was evaluated by confocal microscopy. The physical morphology of Ag-BG/CS was analyzed by scanning electron microscope. The anti-inflammatory effect of Ag-BG/CS was investigated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Moreover, the effect of Ag-BG/CS on odontogenic differentiation of DPCs was studied by immunochemical staining, tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase staining, qPCR, and western blot analyses. The antibacterial activity against dental caries key pathogenic bacteria was also evaluated.

Results: The results of this study showed that Ag-BG/CS did not affect the proliferation of DPCs, it down-regulated the inflammatory-associated markers (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α) of DPCs treated with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by inhibiting NF-κB pathway, and enhanced the in vitro odontogenic differentiation potential of DPCs. Furthermore, Ag-BG/CS strongly inhibited Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei growth.

Conclusions: This novel biomaterial possessed antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity, also enhanced the odontogenic differentiation potential of LPS-induced inflammatory-reacted dental pulp cells. The material introduced in this study may thus represent a suitable dental pulp-capping material for future clinical applications.

Keywords: Ag-doped bioactive glass; Anti-inflammation; Bactericidal; Diffuse pulptitis; Odontogenesis; Pulpal regeneration.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Biocompatible Materials
Cell Differentiation
Cells, Cultured
Dental Caries*
Dental Pulp*
Glass*
Humans
Odontogenesis

Substances

Biocompatible Materials