Background and objective: In recent years, due to increasing number of patients with non-healing skin ulcers, skin substitutes have been used. Skin substitutes contain living cells causing faster and more effective wound healing. Therefore, research on the use of autologous and allogeneic cells such as fibroblasts in skin substitutes has attracted attentions. However, there are discrepancies in the immune responses to allogeneic fibroblasts. Therefore, we aimed to review the immune responses to allogeneic fibroblasts.
Methods: Donor fibroblasts were isolated from the skin of three rats. Nine recipient rats which were subcutaneously injected with three different regimens, were divided into three groups: Group 1; phosphate buffered saline (PBS) without cells (control), group 2: allogeneic fibroblasts of one animal source suspended in phosphate buffered saline, and group 3; phosphate buffered saline containing mixed allogeneic fibroblasts of three animal sources. The skin samples were biopsied at 1, 3 and 7 days after injection and studied histopathologically.
Results and conclusion: No signs of redness and edema were observed in the injection sites. In pathology examination, changes such as vasculitis, eosinophils and lymphocytes accumulation around fibroblasts, fibroblast apoptosis and transplant rejection at the injection site were not observed in either group.Subcutaneous injection of allogeneic fibroblasts in rats can be introduced as a promising approach for wound healing as they do not stimulate the immune system.
Keywords: Allogeneic; Fibroblast; Immune system; Wound healing.