Cromolyn-crosslinked chitosan nanoparticles for the treatment of allergic rhinitis

Eur J Pharm Sci. 2019 Apr 1:131:136-145. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.02.015. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Abstract

The aim of this work was to prepare new mucoadhesive nasal decongestant nanoparticles obtained by direct crosslinking between the cationic polymer chitosan and the anionic drug cromolyn. Different chitosan/cromolyn molar ratios were used in order to obtain nanoparticles of suitable size, encapsulation efficiency/drug loading and mucoadhesion. Moreover, the ability of the nanoparticles to deliver cromolyn into and through the nasal mucosa was evaluated. The obtained positively charged nanoparticles, sized 180-400 nm, showed interesting properties in terms of yield, mucoadhesion, encapsulation efficiency and drug loading. Release and permeation/penetration data indicated the ability of the nanoparticles to retain a high amount of cromolyn inside the mucosa, which is rich in mast cells. These findings suggest developing decongestant nanoparticles for potential treatment of allergic rhinitis.

Keywords: Allergic rhinitis; Chitosan; Cromolyn sodium; In vitro permeation/penetration studies; Mucoadhesion; Nanoparticles.

MeSH terms

  • Adhesiveness
  • Animals
  • Anti-Allergic Agents / administration & dosage
  • Anti-Allergic Agents / chemistry*
  • Chitosan / administration & dosage
  • Chitosan / chemistry*
  • Cromolyn Sodium / administration & dosage
  • Cromolyn Sodium / chemistry*
  • Drug Liberation
  • Nanoparticles / administration & dosage
  • Nanoparticles / chemistry*
  • Nasal Mucosa / metabolism
  • Permeability
  • Rhinitis, Allergic / drug therapy
  • Sheep

Substances

  • Anti-Allergic Agents
  • Chitosan
  • Cromolyn Sodium