Factors that impact kidney function during open and endovascular reconstruction of aortic aneurysms

Cir Cir. 2019;87(2):170-175. doi: 10.24875/CIRU.18000448.

Abstract

Background: To analyze the factors that influence the deterioration of postoperative renal function in patients undergoing open or endovascular aortic reconstruction, and the impact on survival.

Method: Retrospective review of patients who underwent invasive treatment was conducted. Demographics, laboratory data, clinical, intraoperative and postoperative variables were recorded; renal function was determined, Fisher's exact test was used to find associations and Kaplan Meier analysis to estimate survival.

Results: From 2007 to 2017, 80 patients (mean age: 70 years) were studied. Fifty-eight (73%) were male, none of these patients had known diagnosis of chronic kidney insufficiency. Twelve (15%) patients had elevated creatinine in the postoperative period; variables such as intraoperative bleeding greater than 1500 ml were associated with acute renal failure (p = 0.005). During the follow-up period of 60 months, 8 (10%) patients progressed to chronic renal failure, 2 (2.5%) requiring hemodialysis, 18 (22%). Age, gender, comorbidities and anatomic characteristics of the aneurysm, type of intervention or level of aortic cross-clamping did not impact the postoperative renal function.

Conclusions: The repair of complex aortic aneurysms continues to be a challenge. Intraoperative bleeding greater than 1500 ml and the need of blood transfusion was associated with deterioration of postoperative renal function, affecting the 5-year survival of patients.

Objetivo: Analizar qué factores influyen en el deterioro de la función renal en pacientes sometidos a reconstrucción aórtica abierta o endovascular, y su impacto en la supervivencia.

Método: Estudio retrospectivo. Se analizaron variables demográficas, de laboratorio, transoperatorias y posoperatorias. Se determinó la función renal y se utilizó la prueba exacta de Fisher en la búsqueda de asociaciones, y el análisis de Kaplan-Meier para estimar la supervivencia.

Resultados: De 2007 a 2017, 80 pacientes (media de edad: 70 años) fueron sometidos a procedimientos de reconstrucción aórtica. Cincuenta y ocho (73%) eran de sexo masculino. Doce (15%) tuvieron elevación de creatinina en el posoperatorio y sangrado mayor de 1500 ml con necesidad de transfusión que se asoció a insuficiencia renal aguda (p = 0.005). Durante el periodo de seguimiento de 60 meses, 8 (10%) pacientes desarrollaron insuficiencia renal crónica, 2 (2.5%) requirieron hemodiálisis y 18 (22%) fallecieron. La edad, el sexo, la comorbilidad y las características anatómicas del aneurisma, así como el tipo de intervención o el nivel de pinzamiento aórtico, no impactaron la función renal posoperatoria.

Conclusiones: La reparación de los aneurismas aórticos complejos continúa siendo un reto. Un sangrado superior a 1500 ml, con necesidad de transfusión, se asoció a deterioro de la función renal posoperatoria e impactó en la supervivencia a 5 años.

Keywords: Aneurismas aórticos; Aortic aneurysms; Aortic reconstruction; Función renal; Kidney function; Reconstrucción aórtica.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Kidney Injury / blood
  • Acute Kidney Injury / etiology*
  • Acute Kidney Injury / mortality
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aortic Aneurysm / mortality
  • Aortic Aneurysm / surgery*
  • Blood Loss, Surgical
  • Creatinine / blood
  • Endovascular Procedures / adverse effects*
  • Endovascular Procedures / statistics & numerical data
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / blood
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / etiology*
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / mortality
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / therapy
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Plastic Surgery Procedures / adverse effects*
  • Plastic Surgery Procedures / statistics & numerical data
  • Postoperative Complications / blood
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology*
  • Postoperative Complications / mortality
  • Renal Dialysis / statistics & numerical data
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Creatinine