Objectives: Dabigatran etexilate is a direct thrombin inhibitor that clinicians increasingly prescribe to prevent stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Clinicians also commonly prescribe statins for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Little is known about the bleeding risk in patients taking a statin and dabigatran together. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and persistence of dabigatran after co-medication with statins.
Materials and methods: We performed a prospective, multicenter registry study of stroke patients with NVAF who initiated dabigatran therapy within 3 months after a clinically evident ischemic cerebrovascular event between 2013 and 2017. The main outcome measure was symptomatic bleeding after 90, 180, and 360 days.
Results: In total, 652 patients (336 statin users, 316 non-users) were followed for 1 year after dabigatran therapy. Cox multivariate analysis demonstrated that male sex, prior use of aspirin, and concurrent use of an antiarrhythmic drug were associated with a higher risk of bleeding at 360 days. After adjusting time-dependent covariates, statin users had a significantly lower bleeding risk (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.11, P < 0.001) than non-users. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that patients prescribed with statins had a higher rate of bleeding-free survival (P = 0.028).
Conclusion: For secondary prevention of stroke in patients with NVAF who are taking dabigatran etexilate, co-prescription with a statin was associated with a lower risk of bleeding complications. Future research is needed to determine the pharmacological mechanism underlying this effect.
Keywords: anticoagulant; atrial fibrillation; bleeding; co-medication; dabigatran; statin.
© 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.