Biological, mechanical and adhesive properties of universal adhesives containing zinc and copper nanoparticles

Mario F Gutiérrez; Luisa F Alegría-Acevedo; Luján Méndez-Bauer; Jorge Bermudez; Andrés Dávila-Sánchez; Sonja Buvinic; Nadia Hernández-Moya; Alessandra Reis; Alessandro D Loguercio; Paulo V Farago; Javier Martin; Eduardo Fernández

doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2019.01.012

Biological, mechanical and adhesive properties of universal adhesives containing zinc and copper nanoparticles

J Dent. 2019 Mar:82:45-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2019.01.012. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Zip Code 84030-900, Campus Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil; Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Av. Sergio Livingstone Pohlhammer 943, Zip Code 7500566, Independencia, Santiago, Chile.
² Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Zip Code 84030-900, Campus Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
³ Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Zip Code 84030-900, Campus Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil; Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials, San Francisco de Quito University, Av. Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, Zip Code 170901, Quito, Ecuador.
⁴ Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Av. Sergio Livingstone Pohlhammer 943, Zip Code 7500566, Independencia, Santiago, Chile.
⁵ Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Rua Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Zip Code 84030-900, Campus Uvaranas, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
⁶ Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Pohlhammer 943, Zip Code 7500566, Independencia, Santiago, Chile.
⁷ Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Pohlhammer 943, Zip Code 7500566, Independencia, Santiago, Chile; Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Av. Pedro de Valdivia 425, Zip Code 7500912, Providencia, Santiago, Chile. Electronic address: efernand@odontologia.uchile.cl.

PMID: 30738850
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2019.01.012

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of addition of zinc oxide and copper nanoparticles (ZnO/CuNp) into universal adhesives, on antimicrobial activity (AMA), cytotoxicity (CTX), water sorption (WS) and solubility (SO), microhardness (MH) and in vitro degree of conversion (DC), as well as resin-dentin microtensile bond strength (μTBS), nanoleakage (NL) and in situ DC.

Methods: ZnO/CuNp (0% [control]; 5/0.1 and 5/0.2 wt%) were added in Prime&Bond Active (PBA) and Ambar Universal (AMB). The AMA was evaluated against Streptococcus mutans. For CTX, Saos-2 cell-line was used. For WS and SO, specimens were tested for 28d. For MH, specimens were tested after 24 h and 28d and for in vitro DC, specimens were evaluated after 24 h. After, the adhesives were applied to flat dentine surfaces, composite resin build-ups, specimens were sectioned to obtain resin-dentine sticks. It was evaluated in μTBS, NL and in situ DC after 24 h of water storage. ANOVA and Tukey's test were applied (α = 0.05).

Results: The addition of 5/0.2 ZnO/CuNp increase AMA and WS, but decrease the SO when compared to control (p < 0.05). The CTX and μTBS were maintaining with adhesive-containing ZnO/CuNp (p > 0.05). MH, in vitro DC and in situ DC was significant increase (AMB) or maintaining (PBA) with ZnO/CuNp addition. However, significantly lower NL was observed for ZnO/CuNp groups (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: The addition of ZnO/CuNp in the tested concentrations in universal adhesive systems may be an alternative to provide antimicrobial activity and improves the integrity of the hybrid layer, without jeopardizing biological, adhesives and mechanical properties.

Significance: This is the first study that demonstrates that the addition of zinc oxide and copper nanoparticles in concentrations up to 5/0.2 wt% in two universal adhesive systems is a feasible approach and may be an alternative to adhesive interfaces with antimicrobial properties and less defects in the resin-dentin interface.

Keywords: Copper; Microtensile bond strength and nanoleakage; Nanoparticles; Universal adhesive system; Zinc oxide.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Copper* / chemistry
Dental Bonding*
Dental Cements / chemistry
Dental Leakage*
Dentin
Dentin-Bonding Agents* / chemistry
Dentin-Bonding Agents* / metabolism
Humans
Materials Testing
Nanoparticles* / chemistry
Resin Cements
Tensile Strength
Zinc* / chemistry

Substances

Dental Cements
Dentin-Bonding Agents
Resin Cements
Copper
Zinc