Prevalence of TMD and level of chronic pain in a group of Brazilian adolescents

PLoS One. 2019 Feb 8;14(2):e0205874. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205874. eCollection 2019.

Abstract

Aims: To determine the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders and associated factors in an adolescent sample from Recife, Brazil.

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1342 adolescents aged 10-17 years. The Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) was used by calibrated examiners to evaluate the presence and levels of chronic pain. To evaluate the socioeconomic conditions, the subjects answered the Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria (CCEB) questionnaire. Data were analyzed by means of binary logistic regression in SPSS.

Results: The results showed that 33.2% of the subjects had TMD irrespective of age (p = 0.153) or economic class (p = 0.653). Statistically significant associations were found between TMD and female gender (p = 0.017), headache/migraine in the past six months (p<0.001), chronic pain (p<0.001) and chronic pain level (p<0.001). In the final model, logistic regression showed that the level of chronic pain and the headache/migraine in the past six months were related to the presence of TMD.

Conclusions: The prevalence of TMD was considered high (33.2%) and adolescents with chronic pain and headache in the past six months were more likely to have TMD.

Clinical relevance: The data contribute to the understanding of TMD among adolescents and to the development of preventive measures and polices to identify the dysfunction promptly.

Publication types

  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Age Factors
  • Brazil / epidemiology
  • Child
  • Chronic Pain / epidemiology*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Headache / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Prevalence
  • Sex Factors
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / epidemiology*

Grants and funding

The authors João Marcílio Coelho Netto Lins Aroucha, Paulo Correia de Melo Júnior and Manuela Arnaud received scholarship from Coordination for the Training of Higher Education Personnel - CAPES - Brazilian Ministry of Education. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.