Induction of Enzyme-like Peroxidase Activity in an Iron Porphyrin Complex Using Second Sphere Interactions

Inorg Chem. 2019 Mar 4;58(5):2954-2964. doi: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02707. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Abstract

Emulating enzymatic reactivity using small molecules has been a long-time challenging pursuit of the scientific community. Peroxidases, ubiquitous heme enzymes that are involved in hormone synthesis and the immune system, have been a prime target of such efforts due to their tremendous potential in the chemical industry as well as in wastewater treatment. Here it is demonstrated that inclusion of a second sphere guanidine moiety in an iron porphyrin not only makes this small molecule a veritable peroxidase catalyst but also offers an auxiliary binding site for organic substrates, facilitating their rapid oxidation with a green oxidant like H2O2. This small molecule analogue exhibits a "ping-pong" mechanism and Michaelis-Menten type kinetics, which is generally typical of metallo-enzymes and follows a mechanism of the natural enzyme in its entirety, including the formation of compound I as the primary oxidant.

MeSH terms

  • Binding Sites
  • Biocatalysis
  • Crystallography, X-Ray
  • Guanidine / chemistry
  • Guanidine / metabolism
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / chemistry
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / metabolism
  • Iron / chemistry
  • Iron / metabolism*
  • Kinetics
  • Metalloporphyrins / chemical synthesis
  • Metalloporphyrins / chemistry
  • Metalloporphyrins / metabolism*
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Structure
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Peroxidases / chemistry
  • Peroxidases / metabolism*

Substances

  • Metalloporphyrins
  • Hydrogen Peroxide
  • Iron
  • Peroxidases
  • Guanidine