Building on the success of osimertinib: achieving CNS exposure in oncology drug discovery

Drug Discov Today. 2019 May;24(5):1067-1073. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.01.015. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Abstract

Due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) limiting the exposure of therapeutics to the central nervous system (CNS), patients with brain malignancies are challenging to treat, typically have poor prognoses, and represent a significant unmet medical need. Preclinical data report osimertinib to have significant BBB penetration and emerging clinical data demonstrate encouraging activity against CNS malignancies. Here, we discuss the oncology drug candidates AZD3759 and AZD1390 as case examples of discovery projects designing in BBB penetrance. We demonstrate how these innovative kinase inhibitors were recognized as brain penetrant and outline our view of experimental approaches and strategies that can facilitate the discovery of new brain-penetrant therapies for the treatment of primary and secondary CNS malignancies as well as other CNS disorders.

MeSH terms

  • Acrylamides / pharmacokinetics*
  • Acrylamides / therapeutic use
  • Aniline Compounds / pharmacokinetics*
  • Aniline Compounds / therapeutic use
  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacokinetics*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Brain / diagnostic imaging
  • Brain / metabolism*
  • Brain Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Brain Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Drug Discovery
  • Humans
  • Piperazines / pharmacokinetics
  • Piperazines / therapeutic use
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacokinetics*
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Quinazolines / pharmacokinetics
  • Quinazolines / therapeutic use

Substances

  • AZD3759
  • Acrylamides
  • Aniline Compounds
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Piperazines
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Quinazolines
  • osimertinib