Beyond Smooth Muscle-Other Mesenchymal Neoplasms of the Uterus

Abstract

Mesenchymal tumors of the uterus comprise a heterogeneous group of neoplasms of varied biologic potential. In addition to being host to several anatomically unique entities, the uterus may contain mesenchymal neoplasms typically found elsewhere in the body. Although smooth muscle neoplasms are common, other mesenchymal neoplasms in this location are relatively rare. Many of these neoplasms exhibit morphologic overlap. In addition to a careful histomorphologic review, definitive classification frequently depends on the judicious application of ancillary immunohistochemical and molecular testing. The intent of this review is to offer a basic approach to the classification of primary uterine mesenchymal neoplasms.

Keywords: Endometrial stromal sarcoma; Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor; PEComa; Undifferentiated uterine sarcoma; Uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex cord tumor.