Synergistic activation of the NEU4 promoter by p73 and AP2 in colon cancer cells

Sci Rep. 2019 Jan 30;9(1):950. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-37521-7.

Abstract

More than 50% of colon cancers bear mutations in p53, one of the most important tumor suppressors, and its family members p63 or p73 are expected to contribute to inhibiting the progression of colon cancers. The AP2 family also acts as a tumor suppressor. Here we found that p73 and AP2 are able to activate NEU4, a neuraminidase gene, which removes the terminal sialic acid residues from cancer-associated glycans. Under serum starvation, NEU4 was up-regulated and one of the NEU4 target glycans, sialyl Lewis X, was decreased, whereas p73 and AP2 were up-regulated. Sialyl Lewis X levels were not, however, decreased under starvation conditions in p73- or AP2-knockdown cells. p53 and AP2 underwent protein-protein interactions, exerting synergistic effects to activate p21, and interaction of p53 with AP2 was lost in cells expressing the L350P mutation of p53. The homologous residues in p63 and p73 are L423 and L377, respectively. The synergistic effect of p53/p63 with AP2 to activate genes was lost with the L350P/L423P mutation in p53/p63, but p73 bearing the L377P mutation was able to interact with AP2 and exerted its normal synergistic effects. We propose that p73 and AP2 synergistically activate the NEU4 promoter in colon cancer cells.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Base Sequence
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Colonic Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Down-Regulation / genetics
  • Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / genetics
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Models, Biological
  • Neuraminidase / genetics*
  • Neuraminidase / metabolism
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic*
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Interaction Mapping
  • Response Elements / genetics
  • Sialyl Lewis X Antigen / metabolism
  • Transcription Factor AP-2 / genetics
  • Transcription Factor AP-2 / metabolism*
  • Tumor Protein p73 / chemistry
  • Tumor Protein p73 / genetics
  • Tumor Protein p73 / metabolism*
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / chemistry
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism

Substances

  • Sialyl Lewis X Antigen
  • Transcription Factor AP-2
  • Tumor Protein p73
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • NEU4 protein, human
  • Neuraminidase