Contemporary information on the spread in the world of especially dangerous mycoses - coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis and paracoccidioidomycosis are presented in the review. Sources and infection routes of causative agents of these diseases are examined, clinical forms of mycoses are briefly characterized. An increase of morbidity due to them over the last decade is noted. A necessity of timely diagnostics of imported mycoses outside endemic regions is underscored.