Copolymers and Hybrids Based on Carbazole Derivatives and Their Nanomorphology Investigation

Stefania Aivali; Sofia Kakogianni; Charalampos Anastasopoulos; Aikaterini K Andreopoulou; Joannis K Kallitsis

doi:10.3390/nano9020133

Copolymers and Hybrids Based on Carbazole Derivatives and Their Nanomorphology Investigation

Nanomaterials (Basel). 2019 Jan 22;9(2):133. doi: 10.3390/nano9020133.

Authors

Stefania Aivali¹, Sofia Kakogianni², Charalampos Anastasopoulos³, Aikaterini K Andreopoulou^{4

5}, Joannis K Kallitsis^{6

7}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, University Campus, Rio-Patras GR26504, Greece. aivali.s@upnet.gr.
² Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, University Campus, Rio-Patras GR26504, Greece. skakogianni@upatras.gr.
³ Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, University Campus, Rio-Patras GR26504, Greece. xanastasop@upatras.gr.
⁴ Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, University Campus, Rio-Patras GR26504, Greece. andreopo@upatras.gr.
⁵ Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (FORTH/ICE-HT), Platani Str., Patras GR26504, Greece. andreopo@upatras.gr.
⁶ Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, University Campus, Rio-Patras GR26504, Greece. j.kallitsis@upatras.gr.
⁷ Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (FORTH/ICE-HT), Platani Str., Patras GR26504, Greece. j.kallitsis@upatras.gr.

Abstract

Oligomers of the low-band-gap PCDTBT polymer, based on either 3,6 or 2,7 carbazole units, were modified with vinyl ω-chain end functionalities. The vinyl-functionalized oligomers were used as comonomers in free radical polymerizations with quinoline-based monomers such as 6-vinylphenyl-(2-pyridinyl)-4-phenyl-quinoline (vinyl-QPy), and 6-vinylphenyl-(2-perfluorophenyl)-4-phenyl quinoline (vinyl-5FQ). The co-polymeric materials bearing the vinyl-QPy moiety were developed as potential compatibilizers in polymer electron donor⁻fullerene acceptor blends for non-covalent interactions with the fullerene part. The co-polymeric materials bearing the vinyl-5FQ moiety were developed for the covalent attachment of carbon nanostructures; specifically, PC₆₁BM. Both copolymers and hybrids, after thorough purification, were characterized in terms of their spectroscopic and optical properties as well as their ability to form nanophased separated films as such, or as additives at various percentages into PCDTBT: PC₇₁BM blends.

Keywords: PCDTBT: PC71BM blends; fullerenes; hybrid semiconducting polymers; nanomorphology; vinyl functionalized PCDTBT.

Abstract

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