Clinical and genetic findings of two cases with Apert syndrome

Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 2019;76(1):44-48. doi: 10.24875/BMHIM.18000053.

Abstract

Background: Craniosynostosis is described as the premature fusion of cranial sutures that belongs to a group of alterations which produce an abnormal phenotype.

Case report: Two unrelated female patients with clinical findings of Apert syndrome-characterized by acrocephaly, prominent frontal region, flat occiput, ocular proptosis, hypertelorism, down-slanted palpebral fissures, midfacial hypoplasia, high-arched or cleft palate, short neck, cardiac anomalies and symmetrical syndactyly of the hands and feet-are present. In both patients, a heterozygous missense mutation (c.755C>G, p.Ser252Trp) in the FGFR2 gene was identified.

Conclusions: Two cases of Apert syndrome are described. It is important to recognize this uncommon entity through clinical findings, highlight interdisciplinary medical evaluation, and provide timely genetic counseling for the family.

Introducción: Las craneosinostosis se describen como la fusión prematura de las suturas craneales y resultan un grupo de alteraciones que producen un fenotipo anormal.

Caso clínico: En este informe de casos se presentan dos pacientes de sexo femenino no emparentadas con hallazgos clínicos del síndrome de Apert, caracterizado por acrocefalia, región frontal prominente, occipucio plano, proptosis ocular, hipertelorismo, fisuras palpebrales hacia abajo, hipoplasia mediofacial, paladar alto o hendido, cuello corto, cardiopatía congénita y sindactilia simétrica en manos y pies. En ambas pacientes se identificó una mutación cambio de sentido en heterocigosis (c.755C>G, p.Ser252Trp) en el gen FGFR2.

Conclusiones: Se presentan dos casos de síndrome de Apert. Es importante reconocer a través de los hallazgos clínicos esta entidad infrecuente, resaltar la evaluación médica interdisciplinaria y proporcionar un oportuno asesoramiento genético a la familia.

Keywords: Apert syndrome; Asesoramiento genético; Clinical; Clínica; FGFR2 gene; Gen FGFR2; Genetic counseling; Síndrome de Apert; c.755C>G, p.Ser252Trp.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Acrocephalosyndactylia / diagnosis
  • Acrocephalosyndactylia / genetics
  • Acrocephalosyndactylia / physiopathology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Mutation, Missense
  • Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2 / genetics*

Substances

  • FGFR2 protein, human
  • Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2