The association of lifetime suicidal behaviors with anxiety disorders (ADs) in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) has been controversial. In this study, we hypothesized that certain types of ADs were related to the occurrence of past suicide attempts (SAs) independent of the severity of the BD, including the presence of past affective episodes. Lifetime diagnoses of BD and ADs were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) Axis I Disorders (SCID-I). Of the total sample of 200 patients with BD, 32.0% had at least 1 past SA. The mean number of previous hospitalizations, a history of social AD, and a history of posttraumatic stress disorder were strongly associated with past SAs in patients with bipolar I disorder. The presence of lifetime social AD was associated with lifetime SAs independent of previous depressive episodes. Therefore, we suggest that social AD itself is associated with a greater risk for SAs in patients with BD independent of the presence of depression.