Radio-Frequency and Microwave Techniques for Non-Invasive Measurement of Blood Glucose Levels

Tuba Yilmaz; Robert Foster; Yang Hao

doi:10.3390/diagnostics9010006

Radio-Frequency and Microwave Techniques for Non-Invasive Measurement of Blood Glucose Levels

Diagnostics (Basel). 2019 Jan 8;9(1):6. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics9010006.

Authors

Tuba Yilmaz¹, Robert Foster², Yang Hao³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey. tuba.yilmaz@itu.edu.tr.
² Department of Electronic, Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. r.n.foster@ieee.org.
³ School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK. y.hao@qmul.ac.uk.

Abstract

This paper reviews non-invasive blood glucose measurements via dielectric spectroscopy at microwave frequencies presented in the literature. The intent is to clarify the key challenges that must be overcome if this approach is to work, to suggest some possible ways towards addressing these challenges and to contribute towards prevention of unnecessary 'reinvention of the wheel'.

Keywords: RF sensing; blood glucose levels; dielectric spectroscopy; glucose-dependent dielectric properties; microwave resonators; microwave spectroscopy; non-invasive measurement; on-body antennas.

Publication types

Review