First evidence of the presence of genotype-1 of Japanese encephalitis virus in Culex gelidus in Indonesia

Parasit Vectors. 2019 Jan 8;12(1):19. doi: 10.1186/s13071-018-3285-7.

Abstract

Background: Japanese encephalitis has become a public health threat in Indonesia. Three genotypes have been recorded in Indonesia, i.e. genotype II (GII), genotype III (GIII) and genotype IV (GIV). Genotype I (GI) and genotype V (GV) have never been reported in Indonesia.

Results: A Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) belonging to the genotype I-a (GI-a) has been isolated for the first time from a Culex gelidus mosquito in the Province of Jambi, Indonesia. This virus is related to a 1983 isolate from Thailand whereas the infected Cx. gelidus mosquito belonged to a Chinese haplotype.

Conclusions: Surveillance of JEV and mosquito dissemination is recommended.

Keywords: Culex gelidus; Genotype I; Indonesia; Japanese encephalitis.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Culex / virology*
  • Encephalitis Virus, Japanese / classification
  • Encephalitis Virus, Japanese / genetics*
  • Encephalitis Virus, Japanese / isolation & purification
  • Encephalitis, Japanese / epidemiology*
  • Encephalitis, Japanese / transmission
  • Encephalitis, Japanese / virology
  • Genotype*
  • Humans
  • Indonesia / epidemiology
  • Mosquito Vectors / virology*
  • Phylogeny