Lattice engineering enables definition of molecular features allowing for potent small-molecule inhibition of HIV-1 entry

Nat Commun. 2019 Jan 3;10(1):47. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-07851-1.

Abstract

Diverse entry inhibitors targeting the gp120 subunit of the HIV-1 envelope (Env) trimer have been developed including BMS-626529, also called temsavir, a prodrug version of which is currently in phase III clinical trials. Here we report the characterization of a panel of small-molecule inhibitors including BMS-818251, which we show to be >10-fold more potent than temsavir on a cross-clade panel of 208-HIV-1 strains, as well as the engineering of a crystal lattice to enable structure determination of the interaction between these inhibitors and the HIV-1 Env trimer at higher resolution. By altering crystallization lattice chaperones, we identify a lattice with both improved diffraction and robust co-crystallization of HIV-1 Env trimers from different clades complexed to entry inhibitors with a range of binding affinities. The improved diffraction reveals BMS-818251 to utilize functional groups that interact with gp120 residues from the conserved β20-β21 hairpin to improve potency.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Chemical Engineering / methods*
  • Crystallography, X-Ray
  • Drug Design
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / metabolism
  • HIV Fusion Inhibitors / chemistry
  • HIV Fusion Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • HIV-1 / drug effects*
  • HIV-1 / physiology
  • HeLa Cells
  • Humans
  • Molecular Docking Simulation
  • Nanoparticles / chemistry
  • Piperazines / chemistry
  • Piperazines / pharmacology
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Conformation
  • Protein Multimerization
  • Triazoles / chemistry
  • Triazoles / pharmacology
  • Virus Internalization / drug effects*

Substances

  • BMS-626529
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp120
  • HIV Fusion Inhibitors
  • Piperazines
  • Triazoles