Dengue fever is mosquito-transmitted viral diseases. Dengue viruses (DENV) belong to the family Flaviviridae, which includes other clinically important human pathogenic flavivi- ruses. No effective antiviral drugs exist to treat dengue, however, a vaccine for dengue has been licensed in several countries recently. DENV infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in most tropical and subtropical areas of the world, but they have also emerged in other regions. In August 2014, an autochthonous case of dengue fever in a patient who had not traveled endemic country was reported in Tokyo after 70 years with no dengue out- breaks.