Introducing Precision Addiction Management of Reward Deficiency Syndrome, the Construct That Underpins All Addictive Behaviors

Kenneth Blum; Marjorie C Gondré-Lewis; David Baron; Panayotis K Thanos; Eric R Braverman; Jennifer Neary; Igor Elman; Rajendra D Badgaiyan

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00548

Introducing Precision Addiction Management of Reward Deficiency Syndrome, the Construct That Underpins All Addictive Behaviors

Front Psychiatry. 2018 Nov 27:9:548. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00548. eCollection 2018.

Authors

Kenneth Blum^{1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10}, Marjorie C Gondré-Lewis^{5

11

12}, David Baron^{1

5}, Panayotis K Thanos^{5

12

13}, Eric R Braverman⁷, Jennifer Neary⁵, Igor Elman^{5

14}, Rajendra D Badgaiyan^{5

15}

Affiliations

¹ Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, United States.
² Department of Psychiatry, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton VA Medical Center, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States.
³ University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VM, United States.
⁴ Division of Addictive Services, Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingston, RI, United States.
⁵ Division of Precision Addiction Management, Geneus Health, LLC, San Antonio, TX, United States.
⁶ Institute of Psychology, University of Eötvös Loránd, Budapest, Hungary.
⁷ Department of Clinical Neurology, Path Foundation, New York, NY, United States.
⁸ Division of Neuroscience and Addiction Therapy, Summit Estate Recovery Center, Los Gatos, CA, United States.
⁹ Department of Neurogenetics Research and Addiction Therapy, The Florida House Experience, Deerfield Beach, FL, United States.
¹⁰ National Human Genome Center, Howard University, Washington, DC, United States.
¹¹ Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, United States.
¹² Behavioral Neuropharmacology and Neuroimaging Laboratory on Addictions, Clinical and Research Institute on Addictions, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States.
¹³ Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States.
¹⁴ Department of Psychiatry, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, United States.
¹⁵ Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.

No abstract available

Keywords: comprehensive analysis of reported drugs (CARD); dopamine homeostasis; genetic addiction risk score (GARS); precision addiction management (PAM); reward deficiency syndrome (RDS).