Fluid and PET biomarkers for amyloid pathology in Alzheimer's disease

Ann D Cohen; Susan M Landau; Beth E Snitz; William E Klunk; Kaj Blennow; Henrik Zetterberg

doi:10.1016/j.mcn.2018.12.004

Fluid and PET biomarkers for amyloid pathology in Alzheimer's disease

Mol Cell Neurosci. 2019 Jun:97:3-17. doi: 10.1016/j.mcn.2018.12.004. Epub 2018 Dec 8.

Authors

Ann D Cohen¹, Susan M Landau², Beth E Snitz³, William E Klunk⁴, Kaj Blennow⁵, Henrik Zetterberg⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, United States of America. Electronic address: cohenad@upmc.edu.
² Neurology Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, United States of America; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Functional Imaging Department, Life Sciences Division, United States of America.
³ Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, United States of America.
⁴ Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, United States of America.
⁵ Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Molndal, Sweden; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, University College, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
⁶ Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Molndal, Sweden; Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, University College, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

PMID: 30537535
DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2018.12.004

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid plaques and tau pathology (neurofibrillary tangles and neuropil threads). Amyloid plaques are primarily composed of aggregated and oligomeric β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides ending at position 42 (Aβ42). The development of fluid and PET biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD), has allowed for detection of Aβ pathology in vivo and marks a major advancement in understanding the role of Aβ in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the recent National Institute on Aging and Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) Research Framework, AD is defined by the underlying pathology as measured in patients during life by biomarkers (Jack et al., 2018), while clinical symptoms are used for staging of the disease. Therefore, sensitive, specific and robust biomarkers to identify brain amyloidosis are central in AD research. Here, we discuss fluid and PET biomarkers for Aβ and their application.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Alzheimer Disease / cerebrospinal fluid
Alzheimer Disease / diagnostic imaging*
Alzheimer Disease / metabolism*
Amyloid beta-Peptides / cerebrospinal fluid
Amyloid beta-Peptides / metabolism*
Biomarkers / cerebrospinal fluid
Biomarkers / metabolism
Brain / diagnostic imaging*
Brain / metabolism*
Humans
Neurofibrillary Tangles / metabolism
Neurofibrillary Tangles / pathology
Peptide Fragments / cerebrospinal fluid
Peptide Fragments / metabolism*
Positron-Emission Tomography / methods*
tau Proteins / cerebrospinal fluid
tau Proteins / metabolism

Substances

Amyloid beta-Peptides
Biomarkers
Peptide Fragments
amyloid beta-protein (1-42)
tau Proteins