Clopidogrel reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and neutrophil-platelet aggregates in an experimental endotoxemic model

J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2019 Apr;33(4):e22279. doi: 10.1002/jbt.22279. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Abstract

Platelet activation contributes to organs failure in inflammation and plays an important role in endotoxemia. Clopidogrel inhibits platelet aggregation and activation. However, the role of clopidogrel in modulating inflammatory progression of endotoxemia remains largely unexplored. Therefore, we investigated the role of clopidogrel on the activation of platelet and leukocytes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in mice. Animals were treated with clopidogrel or vehicle before LPS induction. The expression of neutrophil-platelet aggregates and platelet activation and tissue factor was determined. Immunofluorescence was used to analyze platelet-leukocyte interactions and tissue factor (TF) expression on leukocytes. Clopidogrel pretreatment markedly decreased lung damage, inhibited platelet-neutrophil aggregates and TF expression. In addition, clopidogrel reduced thrombocytopenia and affected the number of circulating white blood cell in endotoxemia mice. Moreover, clopidogrel also reduced platelet shedding of CD40L and CD62P in endotoxemic mice. Taken together, clopidogrel played an important role through reducing platelet activation and inflammatory process in endotoxemia.

Keywords: Inflammation; P2Y12; endotoxemia; leukocytes; platelets.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Blood Platelets / cytology
  • Blood Platelets / drug effects*
  • Blood Platelets / metabolism
  • CD40 Ligand / metabolism
  • Clopidogrel / pharmacology*
  • Endotoxemia / chemically induced*
  • Inflammation / chemically induced
  • Inflammation / prevention & control*
  • Interleukin-1beta / blood
  • Interleukin-1beta / metabolism
  • Lipopolysaccharides / toxicity*
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Models, Animal
  • Neutrophils / cytology
  • Neutrophils / drug effects*
  • Neutrophils / metabolism
  • P-Selectin / metabolism
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Pneumonia / chemically induced
  • Pneumonia / prevention & control
  • Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists / pharmacology*
  • Thromboplastin / metabolism
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / blood
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism

Substances

  • Interleukin-1beta
  • Lipopolysaccharides
  • P-Selectin
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
  • Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • CD40 Ligand
  • Thromboplastin
  • Clopidogrel