In recent years, the renewed interest in immune cell metabolism has driven the emergence of a research field aimed at studying the role of metabolic processes during innate and adaptive immune responses. Although the specific requirements of myeloid cells after the canonical lipopolysaccharide/TLR4 stimulation have been extensively addressed, recent evidence suggests that this model may not represent a universally accurate metabolic blueprint. Instead, different microbial stimuli, pathogens, or tissue microenvironments trigger specific and complex metabolic rewiring of myeloid cells. This chapter aims to provide an overview of the metabolic heterogeneity in activated myeloid cells during fungal disease. Directions for future research in dissecting the uniqueness of metabolic signatures during fungal infection are suggested to ultimately provide new tailored diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.
Keywords: Epigenetics; Fungal disease; Immunometabolism; Trained immunity; β-glucan.