Whiteness difference thresholds in dentistry

María M Pérez; Luis Javier Herrera; Francisco Carrillo; Oscar E Pecho; Diana Dudea; Cristina Gasparik; Razvan Ghinea; Alvaro Della Bona

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2018.11.022

Whiteness difference thresholds in dentistry

Dent Mater. 2019 Feb;35(2):292-297. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.11.022. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Authors

María M Pérez¹, Luis Javier Herrera², Francisco Carrillo³, Oscar E Pecho⁴, Diana Dudea⁵, Cristina Gasparik⁵, Razvan Ghinea⁶, Alvaro Della Bona⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Campus Fuente Nueva, Edificio Mecenas, s/n 18071, Granada, Spain. Electronic address: mmperez@ugr.es.
² Department of Computer Architecture and Computer Technology, E.T.S.I.I.T., University of Granada, s/n 18071, Granada, Spain.
³ Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Campus Fuente Nueva, Edificio Mecenas, s/n 18071, Granada, Spain; Department of Computer Architecture and Computer Technology, E.T.S.I.I.T., University of Granada, s/n 18071, Granada, Spain.
⁴ Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Campus Fuente Nueva, Edificio Mecenas, s/n 18071, Granada, Spain; Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, University of Passo Fundo, Campus I, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.
⁵ Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Materials, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 32 Clinicilor Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
⁶ Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Campus Fuente Nueva, Edificio Mecenas, s/n 18071, Granada, Spain.
⁷ Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, University of Passo Fundo, Campus I, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.

PMID: 30527588
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.11.022

Abstract

Objective: To determine the visual whiteness thresholds for esthetic dentistry using the whiteness index for dentistry based on CIELAB color space (WI_D).

Methods: A total of 60 observers (Dentists and Laypersons; n=30) from three research sites participated in the study. A psychophysical experiment based on visual assessments of simulated images of teeth on a calibrated display was performed. Images of simulated upper central incisors (SUCI) were consecutively displayed in pairs (60) and the whiteness of each SUCI pair was compared. WI_D was used to calculate the visual thresholds (WPT- perceptibility threshold; and WAT- acceptability threshold) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and a Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) Fuzzy Approximation model was used as fitting procedure. Data was statistical analyzed using paired t-test (α=0.05).

Results: WPT and WAT were 0.72 (CI: 0.0-2.69; r²=0.52) and 2.62 (CI: 0.2-7+; r²=0.57) WI_D units, respectively. Significant differences (p<0.05) were found between WPT and WAT, and between dentist (WPT=0.46WI_D units; WAT=2.20 WI_D units) and layperson (WPT=0.94 WI_D units; WAT=2.95 WI_D units).

Significance: The visual whiteness difference thresholds determined with WI_D index can serve as reference values for research and manufacturing of dental materials, and for clinical practice situations such as assessing the effectiveness of bleaching treatments.

Keywords: Acceptability; CIELAB color space; Perceptibility; Whiteness index dentistry; Whiteness threshold.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Color
Color Perception*
Dental Materials
Dentistry*
Incisor

Substances

Dental Materials