Synthesis of core-shell structured ZnO@m-SiO2 with excellent reinforcing effect and antimicrobial activity for dental resin composites

Hongyan Chen; Ruili Wang; Jiadong Zhang; Hongfei Hua; Meifang Zhu

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2018.10.002

Synthesis of core-shell structured ZnO@m-SiO₂ with excellent reinforcing effect and antimicrobial activity for dental resin composites

Dent Mater. 2018 Dec;34(12):1846-1855. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.10.002. Epub 2018 Oct 25.

Authors

Hongyan Chen¹, Ruili Wang², Jiadong Zhang¹, Hongfei Hua³, Meifang Zhu⁴

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
² State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China. Electronic address: wangruili@dhu.edu.cn.
³ Department of Oral Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China.
⁴ State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China. Electronic address: zhumf@dhu.edu.cn.

PMID: 30482610
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.10.002

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the reinforcing effect and the antimicrobial activity of the core-mesoporous shell structured ZnO@m-SiO₂, which possesses the micromechanical resin matrix/filler interlocking in dental composites, and to investigate the effect of filler compositions on their physical-mechanical properties.

Methods: ZnO@m-SiO₂ was synthesized by a simple self-assembly method and then characterized by electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and N₂ adsorption/desorption measurements. Mechanical properties of dental composites reinforced with ZnO@m-SiO₂ and nonporous SiO₂ particles were measured with a universal mechanical testing machine. Fracture morphologies of these composites were observed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and their antimicrobial activities were evaluated according to the ASTM E 2180-07 (2012) method. Resin composites containing unimodal silanized SiO₂ were served as the control group.

Results: The impregnation of lower loading of ZnO@m-SiO₂ (≤7wt%) into dental composites including silanized SiO₂ substantially increased their mechanical properties. Among all composites, the optimal composite Z₇S₆₃ (ZnO@m-SiO₂: silanized SiO₂=7:63, wt/wt, total filler loading 70wt%) demonstrated the best flexural strength, flexural modulus and compression strength, which were increased by 121.2, 67.1 and 32.5%, respectively, in comparison with the control composite Z₀S₇₀. In addition, this optimal composite also exhibited superior antimicrobial activity (>99.9%) and acceptable degree of conversion, polymerization shrinkage and curing depth.

Significance: The incorporation of ZnO@m-SiO₂ and silanized SiO₂ as bimodal fillers led to the design and formulation of dental composites with excellent comprehensive performance, especially the improved mechanical properties and the superior antimicrobial activity.

Keywords: Antimicrobial activity; Bimodal fillers; Dental resin composites; Mechanical properties; ZnO@m-SiO(2).

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Acrylic Resins / chemical synthesis*
Anti-Infective Agents / chemical synthesis*
Composite Resins / chemical synthesis*
Dental Stress Analysis
Flexural Strength
Materials Testing
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Particle Size
Polymerization
Polyurethanes / chemical synthesis*
Silanes / chemistry
Silicon Dioxide / chemistry*
Surface Properties
X-Ray Diffraction
Zinc Oxide / chemistry*

Substances

Acrylic Resins
Anti-Infective Agents
Composite Dental Resin
Composite Resins
Polyurethanes
Silanes
Silicon Dioxide
Zinc Oxide