Air-assisted liquid-liquid extraction coupled with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and a drying step for extraction and preconcentration of some phthalate esters from edible oils prior to their determination by GC

Abstract

In this work, a new, cheap, simple, fast, and low organic solvent consuming procedure is proposed for isolation, enrichment, and gas chromatographic determination of some phthalate esters in edible oils. The method is based on a combination of air-assisted liquid-liquid extraction and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction followed by a drying step under N₂ gas. Several experimental parameters affecting both extraction and preconcentration steps were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum conditions for the proposed method, wide linear ranges (0.05-800 μg/L) and low detection limits (0.007-0.023 μg/L) were observed. The ranges of enrichment factors and extraction recoveries were 68-340 and 14-68%, respectively. Eventually, the target analytes were successfully determined in different edible oils using the proposed method.

Keywords: air-assisted extraction; dispersive liquid-liquid extraction; gas chromatography; oil; phthalate esters.