Strategic advantages of reactive polyiodide melts for scalable perovskite photovoltaics

Ivan Turkevych; Said Kazaoui; Nikolai A Belich; Aleksei Y Grishko; Sergey A Fateev; Andrey A Petrov; Toshiyuki Urano; Shinji Aramaki; Sonya Kosar; Michio Kondo; Eugene A Goodilin; Michael Graetzel; Alexey B Tarasov

doi:10.1038/s41565-018-0304-y

Strategic advantages of reactive polyiodide melts for scalable perovskite photovoltaics

Nat Nanotechnol. 2019 Jan;14(1):57-63. doi: 10.1038/s41565-018-0304-y. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Authors

Ivan Turkevych^{1

2}, Said Kazaoui³, Nikolai A Belich⁴, Aleksei Y Grishko⁴, Sergey A Fateev⁴, Andrey A Petrov⁴, Toshiyuki Urano¹, Shinji Aramaki¹, Sonya Kosar⁵, Michio Kondo³, Eugene A Goodilin^{4

6}, Michael Graetzel⁷, Alexey B Tarasov^{8

9}

Affiliations

¹ Chemical Materials Evaluation and Research Base (CEREBA), Tsukuba, Japan.
² Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
³ National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan.
⁴ Laboratory of New Materials for Solar Energetics, Department of Materials Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Moscow, Russia.
⁵ Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST), Okinawa, Japan.
⁶ Laboratory of Inorganic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Moscow, Russia.
⁷ Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
⁸ Laboratory of New Materials for Solar Energetics, Department of Materials Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Moscow, Russia. alexey.bor.tarasov@gmail.com.
⁹ Laboratory of Inorganic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Moscow, Russia. alexey.bor.tarasov@gmail.com.

PMID: 30478274
DOI: 10.1038/s41565-018-0304-y

Abstract

Despite tremendous progress in efficiency and stability, perovskite solar cells are still facing the challenge of upscaling. Here we present unique advantages of reactive polyiodide melts for solvent- and adduct-free reactionary fabrication of perovskite films exhibiting excellent quality over large areas. Our method employs a nanoscale layer of metallic Pb coated with stoichiometric amounts of CH₃NH₃I (MAI) or mixed CsI/MAI/NH₂CHNH₂I (FAI), subsequently exposed to iodine vapour. The instantly formed MAI_3(L) or Cs(MA,FA)I_3(L) polyiodide liquid converts the Pb layer into a pure perovskite film without byproducts or unreacted components at nearly room temperature. We demonstrate highly uniform and relatively large area MAPbI₃ perovskite films, such as 100 cm² on glass/fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) and 600 cm² on flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates. As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrate solar cells with reverse scan power conversion efficiencies of 16.12% (planar MAPbI₃), 17.18% (mesoscopic MAPbI₃) and 16.89% (planar Cs_0.05MA_0.2FA_0.75PbI₃) in the standard FTO/c(m)-TiO₂/perovskite/spiro-OMeTAD/Au architecture.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't