Natural killer cell-mediated anticancer effects of an arabinogalactan derived from rice hull in CT26 colon cancer-bearing mice

Int J Biol Macromol. 2019 Mar 1:124:368-376. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.200. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Abstract

Rice hull polysaccharides (RHPS) have been reported to activate innate immunity in mice. This study investigated the effects of RHPS on natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vitro and the possible underlying anticancer mechanisms in vivo. The results showed that sustained exposure to RHPS increased NK-92MI cell-mediated cytotoxicity in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. In addition, RHPS upregulated the expression of Fas ligand, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, perforin, and granzyme B of NK-92MI cells and induced the secretion of IFN-γ and TNF-α. In the in vivo experiment, colon cancer CT26-bearing mice were used to investigate the effects of RHPS in cytotoxicity and anticancer. The results revealed that RHPS inhibited cancer weight and volume in CT26-bearing mice and significantly upregulated splenic cytotoxicity and NK-cell population. Moreover, RHPS treatment increased NK-cell infiltration in tumors. Thus, RHPS can enhance NK-cell activation in vivo and in vitro, thereby exhibiting anticancer activity.

Keywords: Anticancer; Arabinogalactan; Cytotoxicity; Natural killer cell; Polysaccharides; Rice hull.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents / isolation & purification
  • Colonic Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Colonic Neoplasms / genetics
  • Colonic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / drug effects*
  • Galactans / administration & dosage*
  • Galactans / chemistry
  • Galactans / isolation & purification
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Interferon-gamma / genetics
  • Killer Cells, Natural / drug effects
  • Mice
  • Oryza / chemistry
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / genetics
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Galactans
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Interferon-gamma
  • arabinogalactan