Adding Active Slot Joint Larger Broadcast Radius for Fast Code Dissemination in WSNs

Wei Yang; Wei Liu; Zhiwen Zeng; Anfeng Liu; Guosheng Huang; Neal N Xiong; Zhiping Cai

doi:10.3390/s18114055

Adding Active Slot Joint Larger Broadcast Radius for Fast Code Dissemination in WSNs

Sensors (Basel). 2018 Nov 20;18(11):4055. doi: 10.3390/s18114055.

Authors

Wei Yang¹, Wei Liu², Zhiwen Zeng³, Anfeng Liu^{4

5}, Guosheng Huang⁶, Neal N Xiong⁷, Zhiping Cai⁸

Affiliations

¹ School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China. xlh950807@csu.edu.cn.
² School of Informatics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China. weiliu@csu.edu.cn.
³ School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China. zengzhiwen@mail.csu.edu.cn.
⁴ School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China. afengliu@mail.csu.edu.cn.
⁵ The State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. afengliu@mail.csu.edu.cn.
⁶ School of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha 410205, China. hgsheng@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
⁷ Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Northeastern State University, Tahlequah, OK 74464, USA. xiongnaixue@gmail.com.
⁸ Department of Network Engineering, School of Computer, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China. zpcai@nudt.edu.cn.

Abstract

By using Software Defined Network (SDN) technology, senor nodes can get updated program code which can provide new features, so it has received extensive attention. How to effectively spread code to each node fast is a challenge issue in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, an Adding Active Slot joint Larger Broadcast Radius (AAS-LBR) scheme is proposed for fast code dissemination. The AAS-LBR scheme combines the energy of data collection and code dissemination, making full use of the remaining energy in the far-sink area to increase the active slot and the broadcast radius to speed up the code dissemination. The main contributions of the proposed AAS-LBR scheme are the following: (1) Make full use of the remaining energy of the far sink area to expand the broadcast radius, so that the node broadcasts a longer distance. The wide range of broadcasts makes the number of nodes receiving code more, which speeds up the spread of code dissemination. (2) AAS-LBR uses two improved methods to further reduce the number of broadcasts and speed up the code dissemination: (a) When constructing the broadcast backbone whose nodes dominate all nodes in network and are responsible for broadcasting code, the active slot is added to the next hop node in a pipeline style on the diffusion path, which enables the code dissemination process to continue without pause. Thus, the code can quickly spread to the entire broadcast backbone. (b) For the nodes in the non-broadcast backbone whose nodes are dominated by the broadcast backbone and only for receiving code, an active slot is added coincident with its broadcast backbone' active slot, which can reduce the time required for code dissemination and reduce the number of broadcasts. A lot of performance analysis and simulation results show that compared to previous schemed, the AAS-LBR scheme can balance energy consumption, the transmission delay can be reduced 43.09⁻78.69%, the number of broadcasts can be reduced 44.51⁻86.18% and the energy efficiency is improved by about 24.5%.

Keywords: adding active slot; codes dissemination; delay; energy efficiency; minimum-transmission broadcast; wireless sensor networks.