Sugar palm nanofibrillated cellulose (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr): Effect of cycles on their yield, physic-chemical, morphological and thermal behavior

R A Ilyas; S M Sapuan; M R Ishak; E S Zainudin

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.124

Sugar palm nanofibrillated cellulose (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr): Effect of cycles on their yield, physic-chemical, morphological and thermal behavior

Int J Biol Macromol. 2019 Feb 15:123:379-388. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.124. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

Authors

R A Ilyas¹, S M Sapuan², M R Ishak³, E S Zainudin⁴

Affiliations

¹ Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
² Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Electronic address: sapuan@upm.edu.my.
³ Department of Aerospace Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
⁴ Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

PMID: 30447353
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.124

Abstract

Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFCs) were extracted from sugar palm fibres (SPS) in two separate stages; delignification and mercerization to remove lignin and hemicellulose, respectively. Subsequently, the obtained cellulose fibres were then mechanically extracted into nanofibres using high pressurized homogenization (HPH). The diameter distribution sizes of the isolated nanofibres were dependent on the cycle number of HPH treatment. TEM micro-images displayed the decreasing trend of NFCs diameter, from 21.37 to 5.5 nm when the number of cycle HPH was increased from 5 to 15 cycles, meanwhile TGA and XRD analysis showed that the degradation temperature and crystallinity of the NFCs were slightly increased from 347 to 347.3 °C and 75.38 to 81.19% respectively, when the number of cycles increased. Others analysis also were carried on such as FT-IR, FESEM, AFM, physical properties, zeta potential and yield analysis. The isolated NFCs may be potentially applied in various application, such as tissue engineering scaffolds, bio-nanocomposites, filtration media, bio-packaging and etc.

Keywords: High pressurize homogenization (HPH); Sugar palm nanofibrillated cellulose; Thermal behavior.

MeSH terms

Arecaceae / chemistry*
Cellulose / chemistry*
Cellulose / isolation & purification
Hot Temperature*
Nanofibers / chemistry*

Substances

Cellulose