Ribosomes are synthesized by large ribonucleoprotein complexes cleaving and properly assembling highly structured rRNAs with ribosomal proteins. Transcription and processing of pre-rRNAs are linked by the transcription-Utp sub-complex (t-Utps), a sub-complex of the small subunit (SSU) processome and prompted the investigations for the requirements of t-Utp formation and transition into the SSU processome. The rDNA promoter, the first 44 nucleotides of the 5΄ETS, and active transcription by pol I were sufficient to recruit the t-Utps to the rDNA. Pol5, accessory factor, dissociated as t-Utps matured into the UtpA complex which permitted later recruitment of the UtpB, U3 snoRNP and the Mpp10 complex into the SSU processome. The t-Utp complex associated with short RNAs 121 and 138 nucleotides long transcribed from the 5΄ETS. These transcripts were not present when pol II transcribed the rDNA or in nondividing cells. Depletion of a t-Utp, but not of other SSU processome components led to decreased levels of the short transcripts. However, ectopic expression of the short transcripts slowed the growth of yeast with impaired rDNA transcription. These results provide insight into how transcription of the rRNA primes the assemble of t-Utp complex with the pre-rRNA into the UtpA complex and the later association of SSU processome components.