Effect of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors on prostate cancer risk and biochemical recurrence after prostate cancer treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Andrologia. 2019 Mar;51(2):e13198. doi: 10.1111/and.13198. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Abstract

Recent studies have examined the impact of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5-Is) use on the risk of prostate cancer, and biochemical recurrence (BCR) in prostate cancer patients, but the results were inconsistent. A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the associations with all published studies. Databases (PubMed, Web of Science and MEDLINE) were retrieved to identify relevant studies which explored the impact of PDE5-Is use on the risk of prostate cancer, and BCR in prostate cancer patients. The summary results along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Nine articles were eligible for the inclusion criteria. The pooled analysis showed that PDE5-Is use was not related to the increased risk of prostate cancer (odds ratio (OR), 0.71; 95% CI, 0.40-1.29). Moreover, PDE5-Is use was not linked to BCR risk in prostate cancer patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) following radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy (relative risk (RR), 1.09; 95% CI, 0.89-1.34). The heterogeneity test suggested moderate heterogeneity across studies. PDE5-Is use does not influence the risk of prostate cancer, and BCR in prostate cancer patients. More well-designed studies are warranted to confirm the findings of our analyses.

Keywords: biochemical recurrence; meta-analysis; phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors; prostate cancer.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Erectile Dysfunction / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / etiology*
  • Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors / adverse effects*
  • Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Prostate-Specific Antigen / blood*
  • Prostatectomy
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / blood
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / etiology*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Risk Factors

Substances

  • Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors
  • Prostate-Specific Antigen