Abstract
Plants respond to pathogens through dynamic regulation of plasma membrane-bound signaling pathways. To date, how the plant plasma membrane is involved in responses to viruses is mostly unknown. Here, we show that plant cells sense the Potato virus X (PVX) COAT PROTEIN and TRIPLE GENE BLOCK 1 proteins and subsequently trigger the activation of a membrane-bound calcium-dependent kinase. We show that the Arabidopsis thaliana CALCIUM-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE 3-interacts with group 1 REMORINs in vivo, phosphorylates the intrinsically disordered N-terminal domain of the Group 1 REMORIN REM1.3, and restricts PVX cell-to-cell movement. REM1.3's phospho-status defines its plasma membrane nanodomain organization and is crucial for REM1.3-dependent restriction of PVX cell-to-cell movement by regulation of callose deposition at plasmodesmata. This study unveils plasma membrane nanodomain-associated molecular events underlying the plant immune response to viruses.
Publication types
-
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
-
Arabidopsis / genetics
-
Arabidopsis / metabolism
-
Capsid Proteins / physiology
-
Carrier Proteins / metabolism*
-
Cell Membrane / immunology*
-
Cell Membrane / metabolism
-
Cell Movement
-
Phosphoproteins / metabolism*
-
Plant Diseases / virology
-
Plant Leaves / genetics
-
Plant Leaves / immunology
-
Plant Proteins / metabolism*
-
Plants, Genetically Modified / virology
-
Plasmodesmata / metabolism
-
Potexvirus / pathogenicity*
-
Protein Kinases / metabolism
Substances
-
Capsid Proteins
-
Carrier Proteins
-
Phosphoproteins
-
Plant Proteins
-
coat protein, Potato virus X
-
remorin
-
Protein Kinases
Grants and funding
AP was supported by the Greek fellowship program IKY,
https://www.iky.gr/en/. JG, PG and AFD were supported by the Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche, France (doctoral grants).
http://www.enseignementsup-recherche.gouv.fr/cid76053/le-financement-doctoral.html. MB was suported by LabEx Saclay Plant Sciences-SPS (ANR-10-LABX-0040-SPS),
https://www6.inra.fr/saclay-plant-sciences. VG, SM, EB, VS VG were supported by the French ANR project “Potymove” (ANR-16-CE20-008-01),
http://www.agence-nationale-recherche.fr/en/. EB, VG and SM were supported by ANR project (CE19_2014_CONNECT)
http://www.agence-nationale-recherche.fr/en/. CZ was supported by Gatsby Charitable Foundation,
http://www.gatsby.org.uk and the European Research Council (grant “PHOSPHinnATE”),
https://erc.europa.eu. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.