Evaluation of anti-ulcer and ulcerative colitis of Sonchus oleraceus L

Esraa A Alothman; Amani S Awaad; Amal A Safhi; Shekhah S Almoqren; Reham M El-Meligy; Yara M Zain; Fatmah A Alasmary; Saleh I Alqasoumi

doi:10.1016/j.jsps.2018.05.004

Evaluation of anti-ulcer and ulcerative colitis of Sonchus oleraceus L

Saudi Pharm J. 2018 Nov;26(7):956-959. doi: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.05.004. Epub 2018 May 12.

Authors

Esraa A Alothman¹, Amani S Awaad¹, Amal A Safhi¹, Shekhah S Almoqren¹, Reham M El-Meligy², Yara M Zain³, Fatmah A Alasmary⁴, Saleh I Alqasoumi⁵

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul-Aziz University, Saudi Arabia.
² Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
³ School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, UK.
⁴ Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Sonchus oleraceus L. was evaluated for its gastro antiulcerogenic and anti-ulcerative colitis activities Different extracts and fractions from Sonchus oleraceus aerial parts and roots were evaluated at different dose; total alcohol extracts of aerial parts SA and roots SR were evaluated doses 250 & 500 mg/kg, While Successive extracts (SAL, SRL, CSA, CSR, BSA & BSR) were evaluated at dose of 150 mg/kg. Absolute ethanol-induced ulcer model was used for evaluation of the anti-ulcerogenic activity. The root extract showed promising antiulcerogenic activity as the total alcohol extract of the root SR (500 mg/kg) produced 88.5% protection from control ulcer which is significantly more effective than the standard drug omeprazole (20 mg/kg), in addition, the butanol fraction of the root extract BSR also produced 76.66% protection from control ulcer. On the other hand, the aerial parts total extract SA showed low antiulcerogenic activity in both tested doses (250 & 500 mg/kg) as it produced 25% & 28.33% protection from control ulcer respectively. Only the butanol fraction of the aerial parts extract BSA showed promising activity 54.16%. In the acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis model, among the investigated extracts of Sonchus oleraceus; only the total extract of the aerial parts (SA) at dose 500 mg/kg showed strong anti-ulcerative colitis activity and this activity is followed by the activity of the butanol and chloroform fractions of the aerial parts, they produced 77.28%, 57.4% & 47.68% protection from control colitis respectively. The standard drug dexamethasone produced 63.36% protection from control colitis. The total alcohol extracts SR & SA showed no alteration on liver and kidney functions and these extracts are safe up to 5000 mg/kg. Phytochemical screening of the investigated extracts revealed the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, tannins, unsaturated sterols, proteins and lactones which could be responsible for the activities.

Keywords: Acute toxicity; Asteraceae; Kidney function; Liver function; Peptic ulcer; Phytochemical screening.