A primary concern of dental care for the child patient is patient safety. Antibiotics and local anesthetics are very commonly used in dental care, making it critical that providers take into account the special considerations when these drugs are used with the child patient. Considerations in medication selection, indications for use, appropriate and safe dosing, suitable prescribing and administration, and potential deleterious effects are discussed. An overview is provided to ensure proper use of antibiotics and local anesthetics for the pediatric patient.