1 Department of Hospital Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. modhak@ccf.org.
2 Assistant Professor of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
3 Director, Medicine Consultation Service, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
4 Associate Professor, Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
5 Hospital and Specialty Medicine, VA Puget Sound Healthcare System, Seattle, WA, USA.
6 Clinical Assistant Professor, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
7 Associate Professor of Medicine, Associate Chief Medical Information Officer, and Director, Perioperative and Consultative Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
8 Professor of Medicine and Orthopedic Surgery; Chief, Section of Perioperative and Consultative Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
9 Professor of Medicine, General Internal Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
10 Professor Emeritus, Director, Medical Consultation Service, Jackson Memorial Hospital, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
A MEDLINE search was performed from January 2017 to February 2018, and articles were selected for this update based on their significant influence on the practice of perioperative cardiovascular medicine.