Contemporary Management of Appendicular Skeletal Metastasis by Primary Tumor Type

J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2019 May 15;27(10):345-355. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-17-00749.

Abstract

Skeletal metastases exert a profound effect on patients and society, and will be encountered by most orthopedic surgeons. Once a primary malignancy is diagnosed, multidisciplinary management should focus on maximizing the quality of life while minimizing disease- and treatment-related morbidity. This may be best achieved with discerning attention to the unique characteristics of primary cancer types, including pathologic fracture healing rates, longevity, and efficacy of adjuvant therapies. Some lesions may respond well to nonsurgical measures, whereas others may require surgery. A single surgical intervention should allow immediate unrestricted activity and outlive the patient. In certain scenarios, a therapeutic benefit may be provided by excision with a curative intent. In these scenarios, or when endoprosthetic reconstruction is necessary, patients may be best referred to an orthopedic oncologist.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Bone Neoplasms / mortality
  • Bone Neoplasms / secondary*
  • Bone Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Bone Neoplasms / therapy
  • Breast Neoplasms
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Female
  • Fractures, Spontaneous / etiology
  • Fractures, Spontaneous / prevention & control
  • Humans
  • Kidney Neoplasms*
  • Lung Neoplasms*
  • Male
  • Palliative Care
  • Plastic Surgery Procedures
  • Prostatic Neoplasms
  • Prostheses and Implants
  • Referral and Consultation
  • Survival
  • Thyroid Neoplasms*