A general approximation to quantiles

Commun Stat Theory Methods. 2017;46(19):9834-9841. doi: 10.1080/03610926.2016.1222433. Epub 2017 Jul 10.

Abstract

For many continuous distributions, a closed-form expression for their quantiles does not exist. Numerical approximations for their quantiles are developed on a distribution-by-distribution basis. This work develops a general approximation for quantiles using the Taylor expansion. Our method only requires that the distribution has a continuous probability density function and its derivatives can be derived to a certain order (usually 3 or 4). We demonstrate our unified approach by approximating the quantiles of the normal, exponential, and chi-square distributions. The approximation works well for these distributions.

Keywords: Inverse distribution function; Percentage points; Taylor expansion.